India, Science and Technology:  2008

S&T Human Resources

 

 

 

Inter-State Migration at Secondary Level

 

 

Vipan Kumar and Avinash Kshitij

 

It has been observed that a few Indian states attract students from the other states at secondary level. It is also observed that the states which attract more students at secondary level have better educational infrastructure especially in the Engineering and Medical education; higher number of seats as well as larger number of institutions. Though at first glance there seems a direct correlation between number of students migrating to these states and the educational infrastructure there is hitherto no quantitative evidence to prove it. Through this section an attempt has been made to find out the link between the student migration and the educational infrastructure of these states.

 

According to data and the information provided by state boards pertaining to students who appeared in 10th class in 2005 and students who appeared in 12th class in 2007, a rough estimate was computed for inter-state/board migration of students. It is observed that the flow of students has either occurred to neighboring states or to the states where there is a difference in the infrastructure. According to an estimate 7,146 students migrated from Jharkhand to other boards from class 10th (2005) to 12th (2007). Similarly, from CBSE 4410, Kerala 4517, Rajasthan 3948, Maharashtra 1290, Andhra Pradesh 751, Bihar 225 students migrated to other boards. Emerging pattern of inter-state-board migration of students is given in Figure 1. It shows pearson’s correlation matrix for the inter state migration. Dark colour indicates low level of migration where lighter colour indicates high level of migration. It may be noticed that some states are more venerable for out-flux of students.

 

 

Methodology

 

Data collection: Individual state board data was collected by visits to the state boards, by postal transaction and by FTP transaction. The complete data from almost all the states in the desired format was obtained. The data was collected for year 2005 for 10^th standard and year 2007 for 12^th standard. This was because the same set of students (most of them) appeared in these exams.

 

Tracking of students: Students were tracked using the identifications like “Name”; “Father’s name” and wherever possible “DOB” and “Roll No / Registration No”. A student’s name from a particular board is picked from the 10^th standard data and traced in the entire 12^th data from all states. The result if more than one is obtained was then scrutinized manually for any errors.

 

Table 1: Inter-state flow of students

 

 

Analysis: Based on the data obtained from the tracking of students a 14 x 14 matrix was generated. Using SAS a Pearson Correlation matrix between these states was generated and the graphical representation of the same is given in Figure 1.

 

a)

 

b)

Fig 1: Matrix of Pearson Correlation Coefficients for state to state migration of students from 10th to 12th Standard, 2005 to 2007

Source: Collated from respective state boards

 

Fig 2: Pajek network Map of migrating students across various states

 

 

Fig 3: Qualitative depiction of Inter-State migration of students from 10 to 12th standard. South to North Pattern

NOTE: Map of India is indicative only

 

Fig 4: Qualitative depiction of Inter-State migration of students from 10 to 12th standard. Rajasthan to other states

NOTE: Map of India is indicative only

 

Fig 5: Qualitative depiction of Inter-State migration of students from 10 to 12th standard. Maharashtra to other states

NOTE: Map of India is indicative only

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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